Windmill



J. C. HANSEN-ELLEHAMMER.

WINDMILL.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 29, I918- 1,34'2, 2O6. I Patented June 1, 192o.

tacos CHRISTIAN HANsiiN-ELLEHAMMER, or cornnnaeniv, batman. I

WINDMIIZL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 1, 1920.

Application filed Ilovember 29, eri al 1 10. 264,557.

T 0 all whom it ma concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB CHRrsT AN ILiNSEN-ELLEHAMMER, a subject of the King of Denmark, residing at No. 147 Oeresundsvej, Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Windmills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention refers to a wind-mill that practically utilizes the principle which causes wind to blow stronger around a corner than over open ground; namely, that there is an atmospheric depression on the lee side of the corner, so that, between certain points of the windward and the lee side, there is an abnormal difference in pressure, which causes a wind-eddy, or gust of wind.

In accordance herewith the invention solves the problem of producing a zone of wind around the corners and, in connection with the means serving to this end, the problem of making and disposing a windcatching member in such a manner that it will wholly or principally work in this zone of constantly occurring windeddies or wind-gusts.

This problem is solved by disposing the wind-catcher at the base of a round or many-sided body placed in the direction of the wind. Behind the base, probably owing to the attractive impetus of the passing wind, there will be an exhaustion of air, and the wind passing along the surface of the body will, especially when it passes the edge of the base and seeks to deflect in the direction of the depression-center, act with increased strength as an eddy or gust of wind. This region immediately in front of, at, and behind the edge of the base is thus a wind-gust zone, according to this invention, and in this zone is disposed the wind-catcher, which consists of a suitable number of shovel-like vanes disposed in a circle. These vanes should have only a slight radial extent, since the deflecting tendency, or whatever causes the increased air-speed, ceases at a short distance from the edge of the base.

In order that the aforesaid body with wind-gust zone shall not form too great an obstacle to the wind by presenting too extensive a surface at right angles to the course of the wind, thus deadening its force, the body should taper in the direction from which the wind comes, that is to say, it should be made e g. in the form of a narrow-based pyramid or cone or shrapneL' shell or the like. lVith this shape, which has a principally triangular longitudinal SGCtlOIl, with either straight or curved sides, and with a pointed top-angle against the wind, the body will, furthermore, be less affected by strong gusts of wind, will stand steadier in the wind, and will be easier to keep pointed in the direction of the wind than a body with surfaces at right angles to the wind.

The invention is independent of the principle of conducting the wind out on to the vanes by means of a cone disposed in the center of a long-winged wind-catcher, thus increasing the leverage of the wind. In'the constructions based on this principle, which is opposed to wind-technical experience, it is doubtful if such a wind-eddy zone as the aforesaid exists at all at the base of the flat cone used. It is more likely that the cone acts as an obstacle that deadens the force of the wind, and it is, at all events, certain that the effective part of the wind-catcher lies outside of it, and owing to its shape, it cannot utilize the energy in such a zone.

By way of example a diagram of one form of construction of the invention is shown in the drawing, in which Figure 1 is a side-view of a wind-mill of the kind here set forth, with a wreath of shovels, in the wind-eddy zone at the base of a cone. Fig. 2 is a cone and shovel-wreath seen. in the direction of the wind. Fig. 3 is a modified detail.

In the shown example, the cone and shovels are united, so that the cone rotates. The cone can, however, partly or entirely, be stationary, and the shovels may have a special support wholly or partly independent of the cone.

According to Figs. 1 and 2, the cone l is slit up at its base, and the shovels 5 are formed by sharply bending the trapeziumshaped flaps. These shovels or wings, disposed in a circular series about the perimeter of the base are spaced apart and outwardly and diagonally inclined to the radii and tangents of the body and obtusely to the plane of the base. The body 4, 5 should preferably be disposed easily turnable in ball-bearings on the shaft 6, which is shown as a bent end of a vertical rod 7 which is turnably disposed in the frame 8. The wind-mill will then always a just itself in the direction of the wind, 9.

The working-machine, e. g. a dynamo, can be disposed inside the cone 4. in fast connection with the shaft 6.

The power may, however, be transferred in some ordinary way to a working-machine disposed lower than the wind-catcher, e. g. by means of conical cogwheels or, as shown in Fig. 3, by means of an eccentric 10 which acts on a connecting-rod or a vertical, guided rod 11, the rod 7 'being substituted by a V pipe 12.

I claim: A wind wheel comprising a tapering body adapted to project its apex toward the wind and a circular series of short wings of shovel-like form spaced apart about the perimeter of the base and outwardly and diagonally inclined to the radii and tangents of the body and obtusely to the plane of the JACOB CHRISTIAN HANSEN-ELLEHAMMER.

Vitnesses:

T. B. ALFoRD, E. W. ULsvow. 

